Comparative phytoremediation potentials of Jatropha curcas, Ixora coccinea, Codiaeum variegatum, Andropogon tectorium, Panicum maximum, Zea mays, Cajanus cajan for Heavy Metals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13171/mjc02501291766anaradoAbstract
The emergence of the industrial revolution has led to an enormous increase in heavy metal pollution of the biosphere, which subsequently became a threat to the environment and human life. Heavy metal pollution and human health have been recognized as one of the most critical threats to soil and water resources. The potential of Jatropha curcas, Ixora coccinea, Codiaeum variegatum, Andropogon tectorium, Panicum maximum, Zea mays, and Cajanus cajan as suitable phytoremediators for soil matrix polluted with Zinc (Zn), Cobalt (Co), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) is the aim of this work. The plants were grown in soils polluted with 0.1M and 0.5M Pb2+, Cd2+, Co2+, and Zn2+ solutions and harvested after 8 and 12 weeks of inoculation. They were washed, air-dried, ashed, and digested, and concentrations of the metal ions were analyzed. The results revealed that the plants showed significant absorption effects in the absorption of Pb2+(P< 0.01), Cd2+(P< 0.01), Co2+ (P< 0.01) and Zn2+ (P< 0.001). There was also a significant interaction between plants and the time of harvest in the absorption of Pb2+(P< 0.01), Cd2+(P= 0.02) and Zn2+ (P< 0.001). No significant interaction was observed for the absorption of Co (P= 0.36). At 0.5M concentration of Pb2+ and Cd2+, the mean Pb2+ and Cd2+absorptions in Codiaeum variegatum (female) were significantly higher than in other plants. Also Ixora coccinea had the highest mean absorption of Co2+ when inoculated with 0.5M of the metal ion and at 8 weeks, while the mean Zn2+ absorption in Codiaeum variegatum (male) was significantly higher than those of other plants when inoculated with 0.5M Zn2+ and at 12 weeks. The flowering plants- Codiaeum variegatum (male and female) and Ixora coceinea showed better absorption of the metal ions than all other plants. The potential demonstrated by the flowering plants indicated that they could serve both aesthetic and phytoremediation functions at the same time. Absorption is the chief phytoremediation process since it removes the toxic heavy metals from the soil, as seen from our experimental findings.References
REFERENCES
Yoon, J., Cao, X., Zhou, Q.and Ma, L.Q. (2006). Accumulation of Pb, Cu and Zn in nature plants growing on a contaminated Florida site. Sci. Total Environ. 368 (2-3): 456-464.
Jadia, C.D and Fulekar, M.H. (2009). Phytoremediation: The application of vermicompost to remove zinc, cadmium, copper, nickel and lead by sunflower plant. Environ. Eng. Manag. J. 7(5): 547-558.
Murphy, I.J and Coats, J.R. (2011). The capacity of switchgrass (Panicumvirgatum) to degrade atrazine in a phytoremediation setting. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 30: 715-722.
Peer, W.A., Baxter, I.R., Richards, E.L., Freeman, J.L. and Murphy, A.S. (2005). Phytoremediation and hyperaccumulator plants.Molecular Biology of Metal Homeostasis and Detoxification. Berlin, Germany. 299-340.
Salt, D.E., Smith, R.D. and Raskin, I. (1998). Phytoremediation.Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 643-668.
Lombi, E., Zhao, F.J., Dunham, S.J. and McGrath, S.P. (2001). Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils: natural hyperaccumulation versus chemically enhanced phytoextraction. Journal of Environmental Quality. 30: 1919-1926.
Salt, D.E., Pickering, I.J., Prince, R.C., Gleba, D., Dushhenkov, S., Smith, R.D. and Raskin, I. (1997). Metal accumulation by aqua cultured seedlings of Indian mustard. Environmental Science and Technology 31: 1636-1644.
Liphadzi, M.S. and Kirkham, M.B. (2005). Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals: a technology for rehabilitation of the environment. South African Journal of Botany. 71(1): 24-37.
Itanna, F. and Coulman, B. (2003). Phytoremediation of copper, iron, manganese and zinc from environmentally contaminated sites in Ethiopia with three grass species. Commun.Soil.Sci. Plant Anal. 34: 111-124.
Long, X., Yang, X. and Ni, W. (2002). Current situation and prospect on the remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals.The Journal of Applied Ecology. 13(6): 757-762.
Yansi, J., Zhao, F.J., McGrath, S.P. and Kosaki, T. (2006). Effect of soil characteristics on Cd uptake by the hyperaccumulatorThlaspicaerulescens. Environ. Pollut. 139(1): 167-175.
Van Nevel, L., Mertens, J., Oorts, K. and Verheyen, K. (2007).Phytoextraction of metals from soils: How far from practice? Environ. Pollut. 150(1): 34-40.
Ahmadpour, P., Ahmadpour, F., Mahmud, T.M.M., Arifin Abdul, Soleimani, M. and HosseiniTayefeh, F. (2012). Phytoremediation of heavy metals: A green technology. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 11(76): 14036-14043.
Shrestha, P., Belliturk, K. and Gorres, J.H. (2019). Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil by Switchgrass: A comparative study utilizing different composts and coir fiber on pollution remediation, plant productivity and nutrient leaching. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16: 1261
Ghosh, M. and Singh, S.P. (2005). A review on phytoremediation of heavy metals and utilisation of itsby products. Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res. 3(1): 1-18.
Brunet, J., Repellin, A., Varrault, G., Terryn, N. and Zuily-Fodil, Y. (2008). Lead accumulation in the roots of grass pea (Lathyrussativus L): A novel plant for phytoremediation systems? ComptesRendusBiologies 331(11): 859-864.
Grispen, V.M.J., Nelissen, H.J.M. and Verkleji, J.A.C. (2006). Phytoextraction with Brassicanapus L.: A tool for sustainable management of heavy metal contaminated soils. Environ. Pollut. 144(1): 77-83.
Daghan, H., Schaeffer, A., Fischer, R. and Commandeur, U. (2008). Phytoextraction of cadmium from contaminated soil using transgenic tobacco plants. Int. J. Environ. Appl. Sci. 3(5): 336-345.
Zadeh, B.M., Savaghebi-Firozabadi, G.R., Alikhani, H.A. and Hosseni, H.M. (2008). Effect of sunflower and amaranthus culture and application of innoculants on phytoremediation of the soils contaminated with cadmium. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 4(1): 93-103.
Salt, D.E., Blaylock, M., Nanda Kumar, P.R.A., Dushenkov, V., Ensley, B.D., Chet, I. and Raskin, I. (1995). Phytoremediation: A novel strategy for the removal of toxic metals from the environment using plants. Biotechnol. 13: 468-474.
Zhu, Y.L., Zayed, A.M., Qian, J.H., De Souza, M. and Terry, N. (1999). Phytoaccumulation of trace elements by wetland plants: Water hyacinth. J. Environ. Qual. 28(1): 339-344.
Anarado, C.E., Anarado, C.J.O., Okeke, M.O., Ezeh, C.E., Umedum, N.L. and Okafor, P.C. (2019). Leafy Vegetables as Potential Pathways to Heavy Metal Hazards. Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment , 8, 23-32. https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2019.81003
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 2025-01-29 (2)
- 2025-01-29 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).