Beneficial antibacterial, antifungal and anti-insecticidal effects of ethanolic extract of Solenostemma argel leaves
Abstract
Solenostemma argel belongs to the Asclepiadaceae family, a desert plant wide spread in the centre and north of Sudan. Solenostemma argel leaves were soaked in 1000 ml of 80% ethanol with a 27.1% of yield. The phytochemical screening method was described and modified. The qualitative chemical screening of the crude and fraction extract to test the secondary metabolites showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, triterpenes, saponnins and tannins.
The diffusion method has been used for four types of bacteria, two Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, and two Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and two types of fungal Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Higher growth inhibition zone diameters were obtained from Escherichia coli , staphylococcus aureus , pseudomonas aeruginosa , Aspergillus niger and candida albicans.
The Second larval instars of African melon ladybird beetle were used in this study in order to assist the insecticidal effect of Solenostemma argel leaves. Different concentrations (1.5%, 2.5%, 5%) were applied and the percentage of mortality was observed at 24, 48 and 72 hours.
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